Security Best Practices

Security is critical in blockchain development. Follow these guidelines to protect your applications.

Smart Contract Security

Account Validation

pub fn process_instruction(program_id: &Pubkey, accounts: &[AccountInfo], input: &[u8]) -> ProgramResult {
    // Always validate account ownership
    if account.owner != program_id {
        return Err(ProgramError::IncorrectProgramId);
    }
    
    // Verify account is writable if needed
    if !account.is_writable {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAccountData);
    }
}

Input Validation

• Validate all instruction data

• Check numerical bounds

• Verify account permissions

• Validate signatures

API Security

Authentication

• Use JWT tokens

• Implement role-based access

• Regular token rotation

• Secure token storage

Rate Limiting

from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends
from slowapi import Limiter, _rate_limit_exceeded_handler
from slowapi.util import get_remote_address

app = FastAPI()
limiter = Limiter(key_func=get_remote_address)
app.state.limiter = limiter
app.add_exception_handler(RateLimitExceeded, _rate_limit_exceeded_handler)

Environment Security

Development

• Use .env.example for templates

• Never commit .env files

• Use strong development credentials

Production

• Use secrets management

• Regular credential rotation

• Audit access logs

• Enable MFA

Deployment Security

Docker Security

• Use official base images

• Regular security updates

• Minimal container permissions

• Resource limitations

Kubernetes Security

• Network policies

• Pod security policies

• Secret management

• Regular auditing

Monitoring

• Log security events

• Set up alerts

• Regular security scans

• Penetration testing

Regular security audits are recommended for production deployments.